how toilets work
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Now that the bowl and tank have been emptied of water, the only thing left for our amazing plumbing system to do is to ready itself for the next flushing. Despite being the most easily overlooked system in the toilet, the refilling system is probably the most complex of the three steps. If you've closed your diagram of the toilet, reopen it by clicking here.
Once the tank has emptied itself of water, the flush valve falls back into the bottom of the tank, covering the hole so the tank can refill with water. Once this happens, the refill mechanism goes to work. the refill system has a valve that turns the flow of water into the tank on and off. When the buoyant filler float falls due to the lack of water in the tank, water begins pouring into the tank through the filler valve, which gradually floats the filler float to the top, which stops the flow of water into the tank. Even if the filler float were to malfunction, the toilet would not flood - there is an overflow tube which drains excess water directly out of the toilet if necessary.

And finally, the toilet is ready to start the process once again.